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We’ve created this extensive bibliography of useful reference materials, designed to assist you in your further education. You can search by multiple fields including language and subject. Where available, links to online versions of the items are provided.

This resource is ever growing, and we would love to receive your suggestions for further items to include.

Many thanks to the ACFF Expert Panel and the ACFF Francophone Chapter for providing large portions of the content.

  • Agustsdottir, H., Gudmundsdottir, H., Eggertsson, H., Jonsson, S., Gudlaugsson, J., Saemundsson, S., Eliasson, S., Arnodottir, I. and Holbrook, W. (2010). Caries prevalence of permanent teeth: a national survey of children in Iceland using ICDAS. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 38, pp.299-309.
  • Amaechi, BT. and van Loveren, C. (2013). Fluorides and Non-fluoride Remineralization Systems. Monogr Oral Sci. 23, pp.15‑26. Available at: https://www.karger.com/Article/Abstract/350458 [Accessed: 22/10/2019].
  • American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (2013). Guideline on Fluoride Therapy. Pediatric Dentistry 35(5), pp.165-8.
  • American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (2013). Guideline on caries-risk assessment and management for infants, children, and adolescents. Pedriatr Dent 35(5), pp.E157-164.
  • Ammari, MM., Soviero, VM., da Silva Fidalgo, TK., Lenzi, M., Ferreira, DM., Mattos, CT., de Souza, IP. and Maia, LC. (2014). Is Non-Cavitated Proximal Lesion Sealing an Effective Method for Caries Control in Primary and Permanent Teeth? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Dentistry 42(10), pp.1217-1227. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264242758... [Accessed: 11/05/2019].
  • Andlaw, RJ. (1960). The Relationship Between Acid Production and Enamel Decalcification. Journal of Dental Research 39, pp.1200-1209.
  • Arnold, WH., Heidt, BA., Kuntz, S. and Naumova, EA. (2014). Effects of Fluoridated Milk on Root Dentin Remineralization. PloS One 9(9), pp.e108199. Available at: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.13... [Accessed: 22/10/2019].
  • Arrow, P. (2007). Incidence and progression of approximal carious lesions among school children in Western Australia. Australian Dental Journal 52, pp.216-226.
  • Axelsson, P. and Lindhe, J. (1977). The Effect of a Plaque Control Program on Gingivitis and Dental Caries in Schoolchildren. Journal of Dental Research 56, pp.C142-148.
  • Backer Dirks, O. (1966). Posteruptive changes in dental enamel. Journal of Dental Research 45, pp.503-511.
  • Bellini, H., Arneberg, P. and von der Fehr, F. (1981). Ofral Hygiene and Caries. A Review. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 39(5), pp.257-265.
  • Benson, PE., Parkin, N., Dyer, F., Millett, DT., Furness, S. and Germain, P. (2013). Fluorides for the Prevention of Early Tooth Decay (Demineralised White Lesions) During Fixed Brace Treatment. Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews Online 12,
  • Berg, J., Gerweck, C., Hujoel, PP., King, R., Krol, DM. and Kumar, J. et al. (2011). Evidence-based Clinical Recommendations Regarding Fluoride Intake from Reconstituted Infant Formula and Enamel Fluorosis: A Report of the American Dental Association Council on Scientific Affairs. The Journal of the American Dental Association 142(1), pp.79-87.
  • Bergstrand, F. and Twetman, S. (2011). A Review on Prevention and Treatment of Post-Orthodontic White Spot Lesions – Evidence-Based Methods and Emerging Technologies. The Open Dentistry Journal 5, pp.158-162.
  • Bernabé, E., Vehkalahti, M. M., Sheiham A., Lundqvist, A. and Suominen, A. L. (2015). The Shape of the Dose-Response Relationship between Sugars and Caries in Adults . Journal of Dental Research 95(2), pp.167-172.
  • Bhaskar, V., McGraw, KA. and Divaris, K. (2014). The Importance of Preventive Dental Visits from a Young Age: Systematic Review and Current Perspectives. Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigative Dentistry 8, pp.21-27.
  • Billie, J. and Thylstrup, A. (1982). Radiographic Diagnosis and Clinical Tissue Changes in Relation to Treatment of Approximal Carious Lesions. Caries Research 16, pp.1-6.
  • Billings, RJ. Billings, RJ. (1993). Saliva Flow and Dental Caries in Aging Adults. In: Bowen, WH. and Tabak, LA, ed. In Bowen, WH. and Tabak, LA. (eds.) Cariology for the Nineties, . Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Presspp.25-242.
  • Bjørndal, L., Demant, S. and Dabelsteen, S. (2014). Depth and Activity of Carious Lesions as Indicators for the Regenerative Potential of Dental Pulp after Intervention. Journal of Endodontics 40(4), pp.S76–S81. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24698699 [Accessed: 09/05/2019].
  • Borges, BC., de Souza Borges, J., Braz, R., Montes, MA. and de Assunção Pinheiro, IV. (2012). Arrest of Non-cavitated Dentinal Occlusal Caries by Sealing Pits and Fissures: a 36-month, Randomised Controlled Clinical Trial. International Dental Journal 62(5), pp.251-255. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23106838 [Accessed: 11/05/2019].
  • Broadbent, J., Thomson, W., Boyens, J. and Poulton, R. (2011). Dental Plaque and Oral Health During the First 32 Years of Life. Journal of the American Dental Association 142(4), pp.415-426.
  • Brown, JP., Amaechi, BT., Bader, JD., Shugars, D., Vollmer, WM., Chen, C., Gilbert, GH. and Esterberg, EJ. (2015). The Dynamic Behaviour of the Early Dental Caries Lesion in Caries-active Adults and Implications. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 43, pp.208-216.
  • Burt, BA., Eklund, SA., Morgan, KJ., Larkin, FE., Guire, KE., Brown, LO. and Weintraub, JA. (1988). The Effects of Sugars Intake and Frequency of Ingestion of Dental Caries Increment in a Three-year Longitudinal Study – Michigan, UAS. Journal of Dental Research 67, pp.1422-1429.
  • Cagetti, MG., Campus, G., Milia, E. and Lingström, P. (2013). A Systematic Review on Fluoridated Food in Caries Prevention. Acta Odontol Scand. 71(3-4), pp.381‑7. Available at: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3109/00016... [Accessed: 22/10/2019].
  • Campaign, AC. , Morgan, MV., Evans, RW., Ugoini, A. , Adams, GG., Conn, JA. and Watson, MJ. (2003). Sugar-starch Combinations in Food and the Relationship to Dental Caries in Low-risk Adolescents. European Journal of Oral Sciences 11, pp.316-325.
  • Capurro, D., Iafolla, T., Kingman, A., Chattopadhyay, A. and Garcia, I. (2015). Trends in income-related inequality in untreated caries among children in the United States: findings from NHANES I, NHANES III, and NHANES 1999–2004. Com Dent Oral Epi 43(6), pp.500-510.
  • Chaffee, BW., Gansky, SA., Weintraub, JA., Featherstone, JDB. and Ramos-Gomez, FJ. (2014). Maternal Oral Bacterial Levels Predict Early Childhood Development. Journal of Dental Research 93, pp.238-244.
  • Chaussain, C., Opsahl Vital, S., Viallon, V., Vermelin, L., Haignere, C., Sixou, M. and Lasfargues, JJ. (2010). Interest in a New Test for Caries Risk in Adolescents Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment. Clinical Oral investigations 14(2), pp.177-185.
  • Cheng, J., Chaffee, BW., Cheng, NF., Gansky, SA. and Featherstone, JD. (2015). Understanding Treatment Effect Mechanisms of the CAMBRA Randomized Trial in Reducing Caries Increment. Journal of Dental Research 94(1), pp.44-51.
  • Chong, LY., Clarkson, JE., Dobbyn-Ross, L. and Bhakta, S. (2014). Slow-Release Fluoride Devices for the Control of Dental Decay. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 11, pp.CD005101.
  • Chou, R., Cantor, A., Zakher, B., Mitchell, JP. and Pappas, M. (2015). Preventing Dental Caries in Children < 5 Years: Systematic Review Updating USPSTF Recommendation.. Pediatrics 132(2), pp.322-350.
  • Clara, J., Bourgeois, D. and Muller-Bolla, M. (2012). DMF from WHO basic methods to ICDAS II advanced methods: a systematic review of literature. Odonto-Stomatol Trop Trop Dent J 5(139), pp.5-11.
  • Costa, S., Martins, C., Bonfim, M., Zina, L., Paiva, S., Pordeus, I. and Abreu, M. (2012). A systematic review of socioeconomic indicators and dental caries in adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health 9(10), pp.3540-3574.
  • Council on Clinical Affairs (2014). Caries-risk Assessment and Management for Infants, Children, and Adolescents. American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry 40 (6) 18/19, Available at: https://www.aapd.org/globalassets/media/policies_g... [Accessed: 05/06/2019].
  • Curnow, MMT., Pine, CM., Burnside, G., Nicholson, JA., Chesters, RK. and Huntington, E. (2002). A Randomised Controlled Trial of the Efficacy of Supervised Toothbrushing in High-Caries-Risk Children. Caries Research 36(4), pp.294-300.
  • Curtis, B., Warren, E., Pollicino, C., Evans,RW., Schwarz, E. and Sbaraini, A. (2011). The Monitor Practice Programme: Is Non-invasive Management of Dental Caries in Private Practice Cost-effective?. Australian Dental Journal 56, pp.48-55. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21332740 [Accessed: 11/05/2019].
  • Davies, R. and Davies, G. (2008). High Fluoride Toothpastes:Their Potential Role in a Caries Prevention Programme. Dental Update 35(5), pp.320-323.
  • Dawes, C. (1996). In Edgar, WM. and O’Mullane, DM. (eds.) Saliva and Oral Health. British Dental Association 2nd ed., pp.27-41.
  • Dawes, C. (1996). In Edgar, WM. and O’Mullane, DM. (eds.) Saliva and Oral Heath. British Dental Association 2nd ed., pp.Chapter 3.
  • Dawes, C. (1996). In Edgar, WM. and O’Mullane, DM. (eds.) Saliva and Oral Heath. British Dental Association 2nd ed., pp.Chapter 5.
  • De Visschere, LM., van der Putten, GJ., Vanobbergen, JN., Schols, JM. and de Baat, C. (2011). An Oral Health Care Guideline for Institutionalised Older People. Gerodontology 28(4), pp.307-310.
  • Dean, H. (1944). Domestic Water and Dental Caries. Public Health Reports 57(32), pp.1155-1179.
  • Dirks, O. (1974). The Benefits of Water Fluoridation. Caries Research 8(0), pp.2-15.
  • Doméjean, S., White, JM. and Featherstone, JD. (2011). Validation of the CDA Cambra Caries Risk Assessment–a Six-year Retrospective Study. Journal of the California Dental Association 39(10), pp.709-715. Available at: https://www.cda.org/Portals/0/journal/journal_1020... [Accessed: 11/05/2019].
  • Doméjean, S., Léger, S., Rechmann, P., White, JM. and Featherstone, JD. (2015). How Do Dental Students Determine Patients’ Caries Risk Level Using the Caries Management by Risk Assessment (CAMBRA) System?. Journal of Dental Education 79(3), pp.278-85.
  • Duckworth, RM. (2013). Pharmacokinetics in the Oral Cavity: Fluoride and Other Active Ingredients. Monogr Oral Sci. 23, pp.125-139. Available at: https://www.karger.com/Article/Abstract/350590 [Accessed: 22/10/2019].
  • Eaton, K., Ramsdale, M., Leggett, H., Csikar, J., Vinall, K., Whelton, H. and Douglas, G. (2019). Variations in the provision and cost of oral healthcare in 11 European countries: a case study. International Dental Journal 69, pp.130-140.
  • Eaton, K. and Carlile, M. (2008). Tooth brushing behaviour in Europe: opportunities for dental public health. International Dental Journal 58 (Suppl 1), pp.287-293.
  • Edgar, M. and Higham, SM. (1996). In Edgar, WM. and O’Mullane, DM. (eds.) Saliva and Oral Heath. British Dental Association 2nd ed., pp.Chapter 6.
  • Ekstrand, KR., Gimenez, T., Ferreira, FR., Mendes, FM. and Braga, MM. (2018). The International Caries Detectionand Assessment System – ICDAS:A Systematic Review. Caries Research 52(5), pp.406-419. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29518788 [Accessed: 11/05/2019].
  • Ekstrand, KR., Poulsen, JE., Hede, B., Twetman, S., Qvist, V. and Ellwood, RP. (2013). A Randomized Clinical Trial of the Anti-Caries Efficacy of 5,000 Compared to 1,450 PPM Fluoridated Toothpaste on Root Caries Lesions in Elderly Disabled Nursing Home Residents. Caries Res. 47(5), pp.391‑398. Available at: https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/348581 [Accessed: 22/10/2019].
  • Ellwood, RP. and Cury, JA. (2009). How Much Toothpaste Should a Child Under the Age of 6 Years Use. European Archive of Paediatric Dentistry 10(3), pp.168-174.
  • Espelid, I. (2009). Caries Preventive Effect of Fluoride in Milk, Salt and Tablets: a Literature Review.. European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry 10(3), pp.149-156.
  • European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (2009). Guidelines on the Use of Fluoride in Children: an EAPD Policy Document. European Archive of Paediatric Dentistry 10(3), pp.129-135.
  • Evans, R., Hsiau, A., Dennison, P., Patterson, A. and Jalaludin, B. (2009). Water Fluoridation in the Blue Mountains Reduces Risk of Tooth Decay. Australian Dental Journal 54(4), pp.368-373.
  • Evans, R., Clark, P. and Jia, N. (2016). The Caries Management System: Are Preventive Effects Sustained Post-clinical Trial. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 44(2), pp.188-197.
  • Evans, RW., Pakdaman, A., Dennison, PJ. and Howe, ELC. (2008). The Caries Management System: an Evidence-based Preventive Strategy for Dental Practitioners. Application for Adults.. Australian Dental Journal 53, pp.83-92. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18304246 [Accessed: 11/05/2019].
  • Evans, RW. and Dennison, PJ. (2009). The Caries Management System: an Evidence-based Preventive Strategy for Dental Practitioners. Application for Children and Adolescents.. Australian Dental Journal 54, pp.381-389. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20415939 [Accessed: 11/05/2019].
  • Evans, RW., Clark, P. and Jia, N. (2016). The Caries Management System: Are Preventive Effects Sustained Postclinical Trial?. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 44(2), pp.188-197. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26639787 [Accessed: 11/05/2019].
  • Featherstone, J. and Doméjean, S. (2012). The Role of Remineralizing and Anticaries Agents in Caries Management. Advances in Dental Research 24(2), pp.28-31. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC34203... [Accessed: 09/05/2019].
  • Featherstone, JD. and Doméjean, S. (2012). The Role of Remineralizing and Anticaries Agents in Caries Management. Advances in Dental Research 24(2), pp.28-31. Available at: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/00220... [Accessed: 11/05/2019].
  • Featherstone, JDB., White, J., Hoover, C., Rapozo-Hilo, M., Weintraub, J., Wilson, R., Zhan, L. and Gansky, SA. (2012). A Randomized Clinical Trial of Anticaries Therapies Targeted according to Risk Assessment (Caries Management by Risk Assessment). Caries Research 46(2), pp.118-129. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/223985058... [Accessed: 11/05/2019].
  • Fontana, M., Guzmán-Armstrong, S., Schenkel, AB., Allen, KL., Featherstone, J., Goolsby, S., Kanjirath, P., Kolker, J., Martignon, S., Pitts, NB., Schulte, A., Slayton, RL., Young, D. and Wolff, M. (2016). Development of a Core Curriculum Framework in Cariology for U.S. Dental Schools. Journal of Dental Education 80(6), pp.705-720. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27251353 [Accessed: 11/05/2019].
  • Gao, X., Hsu, CY., Loh, T., Hwarng, B. and Koh, D. (2014). Role of Microbiological Factors in Predicting Early Childhood Caries. Pediatric Dentistry 36, pp.348-354.
  • Gao, X., Di Wu, I., Lo, EC., Chu, CH., Hsu, CY. and Wong, MC. (2013). Validity of Caries Risk Assessment Programmes in Preschool Children. Journal of Dentistry 41, pp.787-795.
  • Giminez, T, Piovesan, C, Braga, MM, Raggio, DP, Deery, C, Ricketts, DN, Ekstrand, KR and Mendes, FM (2015). Visual Inspection for Caries Detection A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Journal of Dental Research 94(7), pp.895-904.
  • Giminez, T, Braga, MM, Raggio, DP, Deery, C, Ricketts, DN and Mendes, FM (2013). Fluorescence-based Methods for Detecting Caries Lesions: Systematic Review, Meta-analysis and Sources of Heterogeneity. PloS One 8(4),
  • Griffin, S., Oong, E., Kohn, W., Vidakovic, B., Gooch, B., Bader, J., Clarkson, J., Fontana, M., Meyer, D., Rozier, R., Weintraub, J. and Zero, D. (2008). The Effectiveness of Sealants in Managing Caries Lesions. Journal of Dental Research 87(2), pp.169-174.
  • Grytten, J. (2017). Payment systems and incentives in dentistry. Com Dent Oral Epi 45(1), pp.1-11.
  • Guo, L. and Shi, W. (2013). Salivary biomarkers for caries risk assessment. J Calif Dent Assoc 41(2), pp.107-109, 112-118.
  • Gupta, P., Gupta, N., Prakash Pawar, A., Shrishail Birajdar, S., Singh Natt, A. and Preet Singh, H. (2013). Role of Sugar and Sugar Substitutes in Dental Caries: A Review. ISRN Dentistry
  • Gustafsson, BE., Quensel, CE., Lanke, LS., Lundqvist, C., Grahnen, H., Bonow, BE. and Krasse, B. (1954). The Vipeholm Dental Caries Study. Acta Odontlogica Scandinavica 11, pp.232-364.
  • Harris, R., Schamschula, RG., Gregory, G., Roots, M. and Beveridge, J. (1967). Observations on the Cariostatic Effect on a Group of Children Aged 5-17 Years. Australian Dental Journal 12 (2), pp.105-113.
  • Hayden, C., Bowler, JO., Chambers, S., Freeman, R., Humphris, G., Richards, D. and Cecil, JE. (2013). Obesity and Dental Caries in Children: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 41, pp.289-308.
  • Hernández, M., Cobb, D. and Swift, EJ. (2014). Current Strategies in Dentin Remineralization. J Esthet Restor Dent. 26(2), pp.139‑145. Available at: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j... [Accessed: 22/10/2019].
  • Hysi, D., Eaton, K., Vassallo, P., Amariei, C. and DPH Group (2016). Proceedings of a workshop, held in Constanta, Romania on 22 May 2014 On the oral health of children in the Central and Eastern European countries in the context of the economic crisis. BioMed Centrum Oral Health 16, pp.Suppl. 1.
  • Iheozor-Ejiofor, Z., Worthington, HV., Walsh, T., O’Malley, L., Clarkson, JE., Macey, R., Alam, R., Tugwell, P., Welch, V. and Glenny, AM. (2015). Water Fluoridation for the Prevention of Dental Caries. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 18(6), pp.CD010856.
  • Ijaz, S., Croucher, RE. and Marinho, VCC. (2010). Systematic Reviews of Topical Fluorides for Dental Caries: A Review of Reporting Practice. Caries Res. 44(6), pp.579‑592. Available at: https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/322132 [Accessed: 22/10/2019].
  • Innes, N., Evans, D. and Stirrups, D. (2007). The Hall Technique; a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of a Norvel Method of Managing Carious Primary Molars in General Dental Practice: Acceptability of the Technique and Outcomes at 23 Months. BMC Oral Health 7(18),
  • Innes, NPT., Frencken, JE., Bjørndal, L., Maltz, M., Manton, DJ., Ricketts, D., Van Landuyt, K., Banerjee, A., Campus, G., Doméjean, S., Fontana, M., Leal, S., Lo, E., Machiulskiene, V., Schulte, A., Splieth, C., Zandona, A. and Schwendicke, F. (2016). Managing Carious Lesions: Consensus Recommendations on Terminology. Advances in Dental Research 28(2), pp.49-57. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27099357 [Accessed: 11/05/2019].
  • Iranzo-Cortés, J., Montiel-Company, J. and Almerich-Silla, J. (2013). Caries diagnosis: agreement between WHO and ICDAS II criteria in epidemiological surveys. Community Dental Health 30(2), pp.108-111.
  • Ismail, A., Tellez, M., Pitts, N., Ekstrand, K., Ricketts, D., Longbottom, C., Eggertsson, H., Deery, C., Fisher, J., Young, D., Featherstone, J., Evans, W., Zeller, G., Zero, D., Martignon, S., Fontana, M. and Zandona, A. (2013). Caries Management Pathways Preserve Dental Tissues and Promote Oral Health. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 41(1), pp.e12-40.
  • Ismail, AI., Tellez, M., Pitts, NB., Ekstrand, KR., Ricketts, D. and Longbottom, C. (2013). Caries Management Pathways Preserve Dental Tissues and Promote Oral Health. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 41(1), pp.12-40. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235610622... [Accessed: 11/05/2019].
  • Jamel, H., Plasschaert, A. and Sheiham, A. (2004). Dental Caries Experience and Availability of Sugars in Iraqi Children Before and After the United Nations Sanction. International Dental Journal 54(1), pp.21-25.
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  • Jepsen, S., Blanco, J., Buchalla, W., Carvalho, J., Dietrich, T., Dörfer, C., Eaton, K., Figuero, E., Frencken, J., Graziana, F., Higham, S., Kocher, T., Maltz, M., Ortiz-Vigon, A., Schmoeckel, J., Sculean, A., Tenuta, L., van der Veen, M. and Machiulskiene, V. (2017). Prevention and control of dental caries and periodontal diseases at individual and population level: consensus report of group 3 of joint EFP/ORCA workshop on the boundaries between caries and periodontal diseases. Journal of Clinical Peridontology 44 (Suppl 18), pp.S85-93.
  • Julihn, A., Molund, U., Drevsäter, E. and Modéer, T. (2014). High Birth Weight Is a Risk Factor for Dental Caries Increment During Adolescence in Sweden. Journal of Dentistry 2, pp.118-33.
  • Jurić, H. (2013). Current Possibilities in Occlusal Caries Management. Acta Medica Academica 42(2), pp.216-222. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24308401 [Accessed: 11/05/2019].
  • Kandiah, T., Johnson, J. and Fayle, S. (2010). British Society of Paediatric Dentistry: A Policy Document on Management of Caries in the Primary Dentition. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 20(Suppl. 5), pp.5.
  • Kassebaum, N., Bernabé, E., Dahiya, M., Bhandari, B., Murray, C. and Marcenes, W. (2015). Global Burden of Untreated Caries A Systematic Review and Metaregression. Journal of Dental Research 94(5), pp.650-8. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25740856 [Accessed: 30/11/2019].
  • Khunkar, SJ., Utaka, S., Hariri, I., Sadr, A., Ikeda, M. and Nakashima, S. et al. (2015). Formation and Characterization of Hypermineralized Zone Beneath Dentine Lesion Body Induced by Topical Fluoride In-vitro. Arch Oral Biol 60(4), pp.574-581. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/... [Accessed: 22/10/2019].
  • Kraivaphan, P., Amornchat, C., Triratana, T., Mateo, LR., Ellwood, R. and Cummins, D. et al. (2013). Two-Year Caries Clinical Study of the Efficacy of Novel Dentifrices Containing 1.5% Arginine, an Insoluble Calcium Compound and 1,450 PPM Fluoride. Caries Res. 47(6), pp.582‑590. Available at: https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/353183 [Accessed: 22/10/2019].
  • Kühnisch, J., Ekstrand, JR., Pretty, I., Twetman, S., van Loveren, C., Gizani, S. and Spyridonos Loizidou, M. (2015). Best Clinical Practice Guidance for Management of Early Caries Lesions in Children and Young Adults: an EAPD Policy Document. European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry 17(1), pp.3-12.
  • Lambert, MJ., De Visschere, LMJ., Martens, LC., Deschepper, E. and Vanobbergen, J. (2019). The Impact of a Prospective 4-Year Longitudinal School Intervention for Improving Oral Health and Oral Health Inequalities in Primary Schoolchildren in Flanders, Belgium. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/ipd.12477 [Accessed: 21/05/2019].
  • Lee, HJ., Kim, JB., Jin, BH., Paik, DI. and Bae, KH. (2015). Risk Factors for Dental Caries in Childhood: a Five-year Survival Analysis. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 43(2), pp.163-71.
  • Leong, PM., Gussy, MG., Barrow, SY., de Silva-Sanigorski, A. and Waters, A. (2013). A Systematic Review of Risk Factors During First Year of Life for Early Childhood Caries. International Journal of Pediatric Dentistry 23, pp.235-250.
  • Lilienthal, B., Goldsworthy, NE., Sullivan, HR. and Cameron, DA. (1953). The Biology of the Children of Hopewood House, Bowral, New South Wales. I. Observations on Dental Caries Extending Over Five Years. Medical Journal of Australia 1(25), pp.878-881.
  • Listl, S., Galloway, J., Mossey, P. and Marcenes, W. (2015). Global Economic Impact of Dental Diseases. Journal of Dental Research 94(10), pp.1355-1361.
  • Lussi, A., Hellwig, E. and Klimek, J. (2012). Fluorides – Mode of Action and Recommendations for Use. Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed 122(11), pp.1030‑42. Available at: https://www.sso.ch/fileadmin/pubmed/smfz-2012-11-0... [Accessed: 22/10/2019].
  • Marinho, V., Higgins, J., Logan, S. and Sheiham, A. (2003). Topical Fluoride (Toothpastes, Mouthrinses, Gels or Varnishes) for Preventing Dental Caries in Children and Adolescents. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 4,
  • Marinho, VC., Worthington, HV., Walsh, T. and Clarkson, JE. (2013). Fluoride Varnishes for Preventing Dental Caries in Children and Adolescents. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013 Jul 11;7:CD002279, Available at: https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/1...
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